Addendum C: Monitoring and Evaluation

A monitoring and evaluation (M&E) system is required to be well-structured, including key components, namely: clear objectives, well-defined indicators, reliable data, regular reporting and continuous improvement through evaluation. A well-structured M&E system allows the system to function effectively and efficiently to achieve the desired results of the EPR scheme17 therefore, EPR M&E is an essential aspect to consider for the successful implementation of EPR schemes. The schemes put forth various regulations and targets that supports sustainability and reduction of waste however, compliance needs to be monitored to determine the effectiveness of the scheme and evaluated to improve the scheme and make implementation more convenient. It also ensures accountability of stakeholders.18

Clear objectives: Each EPR scheme must be reviewed to determine the specific needs, targets and Regulations that apply to each scheme. The objectives of M&E may be tailored to the objectives and targets of the EPR schemes. The main aims of the scheme, what the scheme is required to achieve, and the expected results are considered to develop the objectives of the EPR M&E system. The objections must also consider the various implications of the scheme, costs associated with the implementation and associated EPR fees. It must be clear and concise to convey the aims and purpose of M&E, such as:

Well-defined indicators: The indicators of the M&E refer to the quantifiable and traceable factors that can be reported on to the regulatory body. The indicators are reported on by obliged producers and brand owners and monitored. Reports on the indicators are used to measure the performance of the EPR scheme and the effectiveness of its implementation. Examples of indicators include:

Reliable data: An effective and efficient EPR M&E system must have reliable data that is collected in a consistent and systematic manner. This heavily relies on a robust and efficient reporting system. Data from producers and brand owners must be timeously submitted to PROs they are registered to for review and evaluation. Tracking of data over time provides insight on the EPR scheme and its effectiveness. Reliable data depends on the inputs from producers and brand owners and can be obtained in the following methods:

Regular reporting: The EPR scheme is monitored using the indicators and data submitted by the producers and brand owners. Evaluation of the system generally occurs quarterly or annually. Upon evaluation, the M&E system producers regular reports that assess the performance of the EPR scheme. The reports are used to identify how EPR fees are being used, schemes that are working well or have gaps in the implementation plan which requires improvement and thereafter put forward recommendations.

Continuous improvement: The system needs to be iterative and continuously improve the performance of the EPR scheme. Gaps and areas for improvement are identified through the evaluation and reporting process. Continuous improvement ensures the system and scheme remains effective throughout the EPR implementation.

Regular reporting is an essential factor for effectively communicating matters pertaining to EPR fees, obliging members of PROs and how the fees are subsequently spent by PROs to the regulatory body. At the end of a predetermined timeframe, PROs are required to compile and submit a report to DFFE, detailing the cumulative amount of EPR fees, the members that are paying the fees, those who are not and how the fees collected are spent. Typically, the reports are submitted through an online system or via email. This will allow for transparency and accountability among the stakeholders. DFFE is responsible for consolidating the data and information on fees received through reports from PROs and their members. EPR fee spending should be revised and updated quarterly. The reports are collectively used to gain insight on the EPR implementation and progress of the schemes regarding recycling rates and environmental impact of products. In conjunction to regular reporting, DFFE may hold consultations with the relevant stakeholders regarding the performance of the scheme, make recommendations for improving the implementation of the scheme and gain inputs from the stakeholders on how the scheme is faring.

Members registered to PROs are required to submit monthly reports or declarations to the PRO which should include information regarding EPR fees that have been collected and costs encountered for collection and recycling. The reports should also include quantities of products and material types placed on the market and quantities of waste material that is collected and recycled in the reporting month. These reports are directly submitted to the PRO. The PRO then consolidates the information received from their members and collectively reports it to its board of directors and DFFE. The submissions are typically done directly or via an automated system on the PROs website. PROs must also keep members of the EPR scheme informed on the fees required, changes to the structure of the EPR scheme and hold consultations with members during the revision of EPR fees. Efficient communication between the members and PROs is crucial for effective implementation of the EPR scheme and EPR fee collection.

Consumers must stay informed on the implementation and progress of the EPR scheme as they play an active role in waste management. One of the roles of PROs, is to publish information on the EPR scheme for the public domain. Consumers can receive information on the EPR via various means and platforms such as online and print media. Publications of reports pertaining to the progress of the EPR scheme and current EPR fees are published on PRO websites where it can easily to located by consumers, producers and brand owners alike. Producers, retailers and brand owners can also put out publications on their role in complying with the EPR scheme, giving consumers insight on the businesses they support and its drive to support EPR implementation and sustainability.

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