In these Regulations, any word or expression to which a meaning has been assigned in the Act has the meaning so assigned and, unless the context indicates otherwise—

"Chief Executive Officer"

means the chief executive officer of the Railway Safety Regulator;

"emergency"

means a sudden, urgent, usually unexpected occurrence or event requiring immediate action;

"leading indicators"

means a measurable precursor to major events such as an accident which is an indication that leads, or comes before the actual event itself while lagging indicators are the opposite;

"railway occurrence"

means railway occurrence as defined in the National Railway Safety Regulator Act, 2002 (Act No. 16 of 2002), inclusive of both operational occurrences and security-related incidents;

"safety-related work"

means functions and activities that have a direct or indirect impact on safe railway operations, including the certification of systems, subsystems or components for introduction as new or modified technologies for a network, train or station operation (or a combination thereof), or the maintenance of systems, subsystems or components which constitute a network, train or station operation (or a combination thereof), including the direct supervision of persons undertaking these functions and activities.